Sayyid Ali Muhammad: The Pioneer Of Babism Ideology.

 

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Today, we will discuss about one figure who has important role at Iran chaotic age. He is Sayyid Ali Muhammad/Bab. He popular as founder from Babism Ideology, one Shia revolutioner ideology at Iran. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilization. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for support our blog that focuss at Islamic History and Civilizations. We will discuss one most controvertal figure at History Of Iran.S

Sayyid Ali Muhammad, born at Shiraz, Iran at 20 October 1819 AD from one popular family at this house. He is one descedant from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam.  His father, Sayyid Muhammad Ridha, is one man who has honoured postion at society because his piety. Sayyid Ali Muhammad caretaken by his uncle, Hajj Mirza Sayyid Ali.Sayyid li Muhammad , since his childhood , show his cleverness.  At 1839 AD. Sayyid Ali studied at Karbala, one city at Iraq under supervision of Sayyid Kazim Rasti.  At 1840 AD, his family ask him back to Shiraz. And, at 1842 AD,  he married Khadija Begum, daughter from his mother s uncle. Since this step, Sayyid Ali Muhammad write his several work and publish his claim. Sayyid Ali Muhammad , claim himself as Imam Mahdi and  make Babism ideology.  From Babism ideology,  trust that Islamic Qiblah was moved from Kabah at Meca to Sayyid Ali Muhammad s house and trust that Islamic terms such as paradise, hell, and day of judgement only symbol. Sayyid Ali Muhammad, used pseudonym “Bab”because he claim himself as Bab ( door) to Imam Mahdi.

Sayyid Ali Muhammad also predicted, after his era, will came new propeth other Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam. This claim, also following by claim that age of Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s teaching was ended. Sayyid Ali Muhammad also erased Islamic Sharia. And, he will spread his claim. At 1844 AD,. Sayyid Ali Muhammad leave Shiraz and give command to his followers for spread his claim. He tried spread his claim to Saudi Arabia and Iraq.  His preach at Saudi Arabia failed. Sayyid Ali Muhammad s strategy for spread his claim is send his students for spread his claim. Such as at Iraq and Saudi Arabia.

At 4 March 1845 AD, Sayyid Ali Muhammad /Bab doing Hajj ( Islamic Ritual visit Mecca and Medina). Bab sail from Jeddah to Port Of Bushir at 15 May 1845 AD. He want go to Karbala , Iraq.  At 1847 AD, Sayyid Ali Muhammad proclaimed his reincarnation claim. He claim his first followers as reincarnation from several holy character at Shia teology: Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam, Fathima, 12 Shia Imams, and  4 deputy of Imams. According Sayyid Ali Muhammad, his 14 first followers are reincarnations from Shia s holy figures.

At era of Sayyid Ali Muhammad s life, Iran lead by Qajar Dynasty.  Hajj Mirza Aqasi, Qajar s prime minister, punished Sayyid Ali Muhammad with exiled to City Of Maku, near Ottoman Turkey boundaries. Bab and his followers went to Maku by Azerbaijan. And, when achieve Tabriz, he arrested for 40 days. Until he can achieve Maku.  At Tabriz and Chihriq, Sayyid Ali Muhammad proclaimed himself as Imam Mahdi, until he die at 1850 AD, because death execution.

Bab leave several works. From his works is Sahifah Adliyyah that written at 1846 AD, when he arrested about Imam at Babism perspective. And also Book Of Bayan that became holybook from Babism doctrine. At next article, we will discuss more about Babism Revolution at Iran.

Refrences:
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2019 M.

Fuad, Ahmad Nur: Islam Milenaris: Asal-usul, Dokrin, dan Pemberontakan Gerakan Babisme 1844-1853, LPAM (( Lembaga Pengkajian Agama dan Masyarakat), 2002 M.