Ibn Khaldun: Muslim Sociolog and Pioneer from Islamic Historical Methodology.

 

Source: Fee.Org.

Today, we will discuss about Ibn Khaldun, Muslim Sociolog who became pioneer from Islamic History s methodology. He write  very important book about Islamic History s methodology s concept, Muqaddimah and it is became important book about Islamic History methodology until end. Read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for our blog that for more information about Islamic History and Civilizations. Ok, please start it and read this article until end for get complete informations about this topic.

Ibn Khaldun born at Tunisia, at 1332 AD. Ibn Khaldun, is descedant from Khaldun ibn Uthman, one Arabian from Hadhramaut, Yemen, who came to Spain and he can build Khaldun clan at Spain and North Africa and this clan,  became popular clan at this territories. His original name is Abdurrahman ibn Muhammad ibn Khaldun. When he was child, he studied Koran to Ustad Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Saad ibn Burral al-Anshari.

Ibn Khaldun also studied Fiqh ( Islamic Law) according School Of Maliki. He was studied several books that written by Imam Malik, such as at-Tashil and Mukhtashar Ibn al-Hajib. He also studied Arabic Literature. Ibn Khaldun s teacher at Arabic Literature is Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Bahr and Ibn Khaldun s teacher at Fiqh is Abu al-Qasim  Ibn Khaldun, at 755 H, became secretary for Sultan Abu Salim Marinid Dynasty Ruler at Tlemcen, Algeria.

Ibn Khaldun get big respect from Sultan Abu Salim. He went to many places. At 764/5 H, he went to Castille, Spain, one Christian Kingdom at Spain. He went to Spain for became diplomats at negosiation beetwen Kingdom Of Castille and kings of al-Adwa.  At 784 Hijriyya, Ibn Khaldun moved to Cairo, Capital from Burji Mameluke Dynasty and he meet with Mameluke Sultan, Barquq. Barquq make Ibn Khaldun as Qadhi ( Islamic Judge) from School Of Maliki.  According Ibn Khaldun at his memoir, Rihlah Ibnu Khaldun, before became judge at Egypt, he visit Mameluke Territories at Palestine, included City Of Jerusalem and Betlehem. He became Judge Of Egypt replaced Nur addin ibn Khallal, Maliki Judge before him. And, at 1400 AD, Ibn Khaldun became eyewitness from Mongols Invasion under Tamerlane to Syria that ruled by Mameluke Dynasty.

According Ibn Khaldun, Tamerlane conquer City Of Aleppo, Syria and destroy this city.Mameluke Sultan, Faraj, tried to faced Tamerlane, and Tamerlane tried to captured Damascus, Syria. Mameluke Army defeated after battle againt Tamerlane force at Damascus. According Ibn Khaldun, at this invasion, Mongols Army can occupied several cities at Syria, such as Aleppo, Hama, Homs,and also City Of Baalbek at Lebanon. Mongols Army destroy all cities that mentioned by Ibn Khaldun.

And, Ibn Khaldun, also , write masterpiece at Islamic History,book of Muqaddimah  that he write, concise methodologies and theories of Islamic History. This book, consist of lest than 1000 pages and discuss Islamic History Methodology, social pole at Islamic History, basic of sociology, and other.This book discuss many theories of Islamic History, such as how one kingdom established and fall, and other. For get complete informations about this topic, you can open this article:

Book Recommendation: Mukaddimah by Ibn Khaldun.

Ibn Khaldun die at 1406 AD, and his book, Muqaddimah, still became main refrences at Islamic History s methodology. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.

Refrences:

Khaldun, Ibnu: Rihlah Ibnu Khaldun: Memoar Perjalanan Bapak Sosiologi dan Filsafat Sejarah Paling Brilian Sepanjang Sejarah, Penerbit Alvabet, 2023  M.

-------------: Mukaddimah: Sebuah Karya Mega Fenomenal dari Cendekiawan  Muslim Abad Pertengahan.Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2023 M.

Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.