Today, we will discuss about Battle Of Mohacs, one biggest terrain battle beetwen Ottoman Empire and European Coalition that open way for Ottoman Empire to occupied East Europe, included Hungary. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History. It is very easy verb for you, but have big role to help us educate people about Islamic History. Ok, please start it.
At 1520 AD, Sultan Suleiman I Al-Qanuni coronated as Ottoman Sultan, replaced his father, Sultan Selim I. Suleiman I, started his conquest with conquer Belgrade, one main castle for Kingdom Of Hungary. At 1456 AD, before Suleiman conquer Belgrade, his great grandfather, Sultan Mehmed II Al-Fatih, Conqueror Of Constantinople was besiged Belgrade. But, Ottoman Army under Mehmed II cannot conquer Belgrade, because Castle Of Belgrade helped by 60.000 Crusader Coalitions from Italy, German, and Bohemia that lead by General John Hunyad Of Hungary, at this time, Mehmed II pray to Allah Subhanahuwataala for conqur Belgrade with hand one of his descedant, and Suleiman, can conquer Fortress Of Belgrade after besiged this city for 1 month with 50 ships. Ottoman Army give freedom to civilian at Belgrade for stay or leave this city.
Several times ago, mother from King Of France, Francis I send letter to Sultan Suleiman. At this time, Charles V, King Of Spain from Habsburg Dynasty captured Francis I after battle for captured North Italy Territory. Francis I became Kingdom Of Habsburg s hostage. At this letter, Francis I s mother tell this situation. At this time, Kingdom Of Hungary fight at Habsburg Dynasty s side because Charles V has blood relation with Kingdom Of Hungary. Hungarian Army can defeated France Army and Francis I ask helped to Ottoman Empire for attack Hungary . This plan is have target for weaken Habsburg Dynasty influence at East Europe. And, Hungarian People make alliance with Pollands, Wallachia, and Bogdan, several kingdoms at East Europe that became Ottoman Enemy. At 1526 AD, Suleiman moved to Hungary with Ottoman Army. And, Francis I and France Army attack Charles V s territories. According Palestinian Historian, Jihad At-Turbani, Suleiman bring 100.000 army to Hungary. And, Ottoman Army moved until achieve Mohacs, after accross River Of Sava and Drava. Hungarian Army, under King Lajos/Louis II consist from European Coalition, that consist from German, Poland, Ceko, Italy and Spain Army. According Historian Harold Lamb, this army also command by Great Bishop Of Tomori, Gnomski, a volunteer from Poland. And Hannibal, German Commander who lead 4000 Germany Mercenaries. According Writter Zainal Muttaqin, European Coalition achieve 200.000 army. But according Ottoman Historian, Prof.DR.Mehmet Maksudoglu, Hungarian also bring 60.000 cavalry.
At 29 August 1526 AD, two army face by face at Mohacs. Battle started by Hungarian Cavalry attack to central Ottoman Army. And, Suleiman put 300 cannon artileries at central Ottoman Army. Ottoman Artileries can destroy Hungarian Cavalry. Aqinji ( Ottoman Cavalry) under their commander, Bali Beg besieged European Coalition Army. According Suleiman Al-Qanuni s notes that cited by Historian Harold Lamb, 20.000 Hungarian Infantrymen and 4000 Hungarian Cavalry die at this battle. It is meaning, maybe European Coalition numbered under 100.000 or maybe 100.000 army. King Louis II die and Ottoman Army moved to Buda, Kingdom Of Hungary s capital. Ottoman Army moved to Buda and attack Hungarian Garrisons that consist from Farmer Militia. Louis II s successor s candidate, John Zapolya lead Hungarian Militias, but they cannot faced Ottoman Army. Mary, Louis s widow escaped to Vienna, Austria and Hungarian s allies, Bohemian Army retreat from Hungary. Ottoman Army can occupied Buda and Suleiman command to his army for doesnt rob this city. At this time, at City Of Buda, happened mysterious fire that burn all city, except Buda s castles and parks. Suleiman appointed John Zapolya as King Of Hungary under Ottoman Dynasty. Since this, Ottoman can occupied Kingdom Of Hungary.
Refrences:
Maksudoglu, Prof.DR.Mehmet: The Untold History Of Ottoman: Menelusuri Daulah Islamiyah Terbesar di Dunia dan Pemerintahannya, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2023 M.
At-Turbani, Jihad: 100 Tokoh Islam Yang Mengubah Sejarah, Penerbit Aqwam,. 2016 M.
Lamb, Harold: Sulaiman Al-Qanuni: Kehidupan Politik dan Pribadi Sultan Agung Turki Utsmani, Penerbit Alvabet, 2022 M.
Ferdinandy, Michael de: Charles V | Accomplishments, Reign, Abdication, & Facts | Britannica, accesed 26 December 2024, 08: 35 AM.
Mutaqin, Zainal: Perang MOHACS, Tawakkal dan Trauma Barat - Hidayatullah.com, accesed 26 December 2024, 08: 40 AM.
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