Today, we will discuss about Battle Of Hachova/Kerestez that is one biggest battle beetwen Ottoman Empire and European Coalition. Why not? At this battle, 100.000 Ottoman Army faced 300.000 Europeans Coalition and Ottoman Empire can win the battle, when Ottoman Empire internal s situation, drawn into retrogression. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History.
Ottoman Empire, at end of 16 TH Century, suffered retrogression. When Era Of Sultan Murad III ( ruled 1574-1595 AD), broke battle with Kingdom Of Austria. At 1593 AD, broke conflict with Kingdom Of Austria. Ottoman Army attack Territories Of Austria and with helped from their vassal, Khanate Of Crimea that send 40.000 cavalry. Ottoman Army can occupied Castle Of Yaniqqale beetwen City Of Budapest, Hungary and City of Vienna, Austria.
King Of Austria, Rudolf II collaborated with two Ottoman Vassal, Ruler Of Erdel and Ruler Of Eflak. They attack Ottoman Empire. When Ottoman Empire fight againt Erdel and Eflak, Austrian Army can defeat Ottoman at many territories. At 1595 AD, Murad II die and replaced by his son, Mehmed III. According Islamic Research and Study Team Of Egypt, when became sultan, Mehmed II kill his brothers, that numbered 19 people.
Mehmed III, also change Ottoman State Rule. If before his goverment age, Ottoman Army fight without lead by sultan, but lead by Sadrazam ( prime minister), he inisiative to lead Ottoman Army himself, after seeing Ottoman Army suffered several defeated at Austria. Mehmed III, want lead his army himself.
At 1596 AD, Sultan Mehmed III lead his army to Ottoman Castle Of Hatvan that besieged by Austrian Army. At this time, Austrian Army can occupied this castle. And, Ottoman Army besieged Austrian Castle at Egri. After battle with Austrian Garrisons at Castle Of Egri, Ottoman Army can occupied this castle.
At October 1596 AD, Mehmed III with his army that numbered 100.000 persons, achieved Territoroes Of Hachova/ Kereztes. They meet with European Coalitions that consist from Austrians, Hungarian, Spanish, Czechs, Polish, and others that numbered 300.000 persons and lead by Archduke Maximillan, brother from Rudolf II Mehmed III accompanied by Ottoman Scholar, Sad Addin Effendi. When Ottoman Army faced with European Coalitions, Austrian Army attack central fleet from Ottoman Army until many Janissary (Ottoman Elite Infantry) and Sipahi (Ottoman Cavalry) escaped from the battle. Sad Addin Effendi motivated Sultan Mehmed III for still patient at battlefield. Austrians Army , entered Ottoman Central Camp. They attacked by several logistics assistant from Ottoman Army with axel and Austrians Army retreat from Ottoman Camp.
Ottoman Sipahi and Janissary back to battlefield and they can defeat Europeans Coalition Army. Ottoman Army can rob 95 German Artileries.
According Ottoman Historian Mehmet Maksudoglu, with their victory at this battle, Ottoman Army can ruled all territories of Austria if they next their movement. But, Sultan Mehmed III retreat to Istanbul, Ottoman Capital State.Kingdom Of Austria, can re gather his army for attack Ottoman Empire. According Islamic Studies and Research Team Of Egypt, at Ottoman Territories, broke two rebellion. Rebellion from several Ottoman Army that escaped from Battle Of Kereztes ( Firari) and rebellion from Ottoman Cavalry. Because this, at 1601 AD, Austrian Army under Archduke Ferdinand attack Ottoman Castle Of Kanije and at 1603 AD, Safavid Dynasty Of Iran attack Ottoman Empire. Safavid Dynasty can captured several cities from Ottoman Empire, such as several cities at Azerbaijan, Tabriz, and Erivan/Revan. Maybe, it is became factor , why after this battle, Ottoman Army dont next expedition to Kingdom Of Austria Territories.
Refrences:
Maksudoglu, Prof.DR.Mehmet: The Untold History Of Ottoman: Menelusuri Daulah Islamiyah Terbesar di Dunia dan Pemerintahannya, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2023 M.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
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