Today, we will discuss about one Moroccan Scholar who became expert at guerilla tactic at modern age. He is Amir Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim Al-Khattabi, and he is teacher from Che Guevara, Communist Revolutioner at guerilla tactic. And, he popular because his struggle for Morocco s indepedence. Lets read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History. It is easy verb for you , but have big role for help our step educate people about Islamic History.
Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim Al-Khattabi, born at Mountain Of Rif, Morocco at 1883 AD. His father is Shaykh Abdul Karim, Islamic Teacher at Tribe Of Amazigh at Morocco. Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim studied Koran and Arabic Language from his father. Muhammad also studied Fiqh (Islamic Law) and Hadith at University Of Qarawiyyin, Fez, Morocco. Muhammad can became Islamic Judge at City Of Melila, Morocco.
At 1906 AD, European States , such as France and Spain, held conferention at Green Islands. 12 Europeans States gather at this conference and at this conference, they want colonized Morocco. France will occupied Mauritania and Central Of Morocco. Spain will occupied North Coastal Of Morocco. German and Great Britain, will colonized other cities. At 1907 AD, France Army occupied City Of Casablanca at Morocco from Sultan Of Morocco, Moulay Abdul Aziz. Moulay Abdul Aziz ousted by his brother and Moulay Abdul Aziz forced ask helped to France.
Shaykh Abdul Karim and his son, Muhammad gather Moroccan Tribes for againt European Colonizers. They also send letter for ask helped from Ottoman Empire. Spain kill Shaykh Abdul Karim and Muhammad, arrested at jail. Muhammad, can vague from this jail and he make army that consist from 3000 members from Rif Army. Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim, doing hit and run tactic for attack Spain s army , until Spain Army suffered big loss. Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim used guerilla tactic, attack enemy from underland.
King Of Spain, Alfonso XIII , send big army for attack Moroccan Fighters under Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim Al-Khattabi. At 1921 AD, King Alfonso XIII send 60.000 army with war aircraft and tank under General Silvestre. Al-Khattabi, only bring 3000 fighters with old guns. Battle broke at Annual and Al-Khattabi with his army can broke Spain s Army. They can kill 18.000 Spanish Warriors and captured many Spanish Army.
Al-Khattabi, build new goverment, named Goverment Of Rif, at North Morocco. Al-Khattabi , teach Right Islamic Teaching to People at Rif and he eliminate magic practic at Morocco. He also unites Islamic Tribes at Morocco.
European Coalition, make new army for attack Al-Khattabi and his fighters. According Palestinian Historian Jihad at-Turbani, European Army consist of 500.0000 army, complete with tanks, warships, and aircrafts. At 1922 AD, Spain Army captured Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim s territories. But, Moroccan Fighters under Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim can defeat Spanish Army at many battles and they can captured 20.0000 fireguns , 400 mountain fireguns and 125 cannons from Spain s army and at 1924 AD, Moroccan Fighters can defeat Spanish Army at Battle Of Chaouen, when Spain lost 10.000 army. Now, Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim fight againt France Army that supported by Sultan Of Morocco, MoulayYoussef. Muhammad Ibn Abd Karim Al-Khattabi can entered France s territories and according Historian Eugene Rogan, France lost 43 military post and 1.500 soldiers.
European Coalition make collaboration with several Sufism Scholars. They give bribe to several Sufism Scholars. Sufism Scholars make fatwa, Moroccan Peoples cannot fight with Al-Khattabi. At this time, British Navy besieged Coastal Of Morocco. France and Spain s war aircraft kill Moroccan Civilians, included women and children with poisoned gas.
At 1925 AD, Spain and France Army captured Mountain Of Rif after forced Moroccan Fighters back to Rif Mountain. At October 1925 AD. European Army was captured Mountain Of Rif and Fighters Of Rif suffered famine. Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim tried to held covenant, but European Coalition rejected it. And, at 1926 AD, European Coalition can destroy Goverment Of Rif and Muhammad Ibn Abdul Karim captured by European Coalition. He throwed to Island Of Reunion at Indian Ocean until 1947 AD. According Historian Philip.K.Hitti, Morocco recent indepedent state at 1956 AD, after France give indepedence to Morocco.
Refrences:
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
At-Turbani, Jihad: 100 Tokoh Islam Yang Mengubah Sejarah, Penerbit Aqwam, 2016 M.
Rogan, Eugene: Dari Puncak Khilafah Sejarah Arab-Islam Sejak Era Kejayaan Khilafah Utsmaniyah, Penerbit Serambi, 2017 M.
Plummer, Comer: The Battle of Annual, accesed 2 January 2025, 08: 15 AM.
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