For Muslim reader, we maybe close with
term “Muezzin”, man who call Muslims for pray at mosque. But, we must know,
first Muezzin at Islamic History is an slave from Ethiopia, Bilal Ibn Rabah.
How origin from call of prayer at Islamic History?. Ok, please read this
article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic
History and Civilization. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for
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He is one Ethiopian descedant who born at
580 AD, at Hijaz. When Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam get
revelation at 610 AD and preach Islam at Mecca. 7 people show their convert to
Islam. From them Abu Bakr as-Shiddiq, Ammar, Sumayyah ( Ammar mother), Shuhaib,
Miqdad, and also Bilal. Bilal, Ammar,
Sumayyah, Shuhaib, and Miqdad tortured by Pagan Quraish at Mecca . Pagan
Quraish tortured them with give them armor and grill them under sun. Bilal only
said : “Ahad, ahad ( Arabic: one)”
that refer to Islamic Worship
that only worship to one god, Allah Subhanahuwataala.
When tortured him, Pagan Quraish said to
Bilal: “Your god are Latta and Uzza ( two idols from Pagan Quraish). But Bilal
continued said: “ahad, ahad”. Until, Abu Bakr seeing Bilal and he
offering for buy Bilal. Pagan Quraish Lords who tortured Bilal agree and they
give Bilal to Abu Bakr for buying.
Umar Ibn Khattab said about this moment,
such as quoted by Islamic Historian, Imam Dhahabi: “Abu Bakar is our master and
our mater liberated Bilal”. Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam , give
Bilal postion as Muezzin. And, according
Imam Dhahabi, Bilal has nickname Abu Abdullah. Imam Dhahabi, quoted information
from Atha al Khorasani, that Bilal is one man who strong defend his religion.
According Syrian Historian, Abdurrahman
Rafat Basya, when Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam moved to
Medina and build new Muslim Communities at 622 AD, he appointed Bilal as
Muezzin who has duty call Muslims to prayer. At 622 AD/1 Hijriyya, several shahabas gathered
for talk about how call Muslims for went to mosque when came time of prayer.
Until, revelation about adzan went to Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi
Wasallam. Bilal, with Abdullah Ibn Ummi Maktum, became first Muezzin.
According Imam Dhahabi, when Propeth Muhammad Shallahu
Alaihi Wasallam conquer Mecca from Pagan Quraish at 630 AD, Propeth
Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam ask Bilal call for pray from above
Kabah. At age of Caliph Umar Ibn
Khattab, second caliph from Rashidun Caliphate Goverment ( 634-644 AD), Bilal
became Muezzin at Syria. Bilal stay at Syria until his last age.
According several version, Bilal die at
Damascus , Syria , at 50 H. Other
version said that Bilal die at Aleppo at his body burried at Gate Of Arbain.
One Early Muslim Historian, al-Waqidi said, Bilal die at age less than 60 years
old. Bilal narrated 44 Hadiths ( Islamic
Oral Tradition from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam). This
Hadiths, became refrences for two most otoritative Hadith Scholar at Islamic
Tradition, Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless
him.
Refrences:
Imam ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala Jilid 4: Pembahasan Generasi 1
As-Sabiqunal Awwalun, Syuhada Perang Uhud-Yarmuk: Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah-Bilal,
Tahqiq oleh Syuaib al-Arnauth & Team, Pustaka Azzam, 2017 M.
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs:
Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam,
Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Basya, DR,.Abdurrahman Rafat: Sirah
Sahabat: Kisah Indah dan Sejarah Gemilang Generasi Terbaik Umat Ini, Pustaka
Al-Haura, 2012 M.
Abdullah: Bilal ibn Rabah Biography,
accesed 2 June 2025, 09: 35 AM.
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