Today, we will discuss about Ibn
Quthiyya, Spain Historian at Umayyad Dynasty Era who originated from Kingdom Of
Visigoth, old kingdom at Spain that ousted by Umayyad Dynasty. Ibn Quthiyya, is
one Muslim Historian who has European Blood and he has service codificated
Islamic History at Spain. Please read this article until end and subscribe my
blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy
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people about Islamic History and Civilizations.
At 711, Umayyad Army conquer
Andalusia (Spain and Portugal) and ousted Kingdom Of Visigoth. Andalusia,
became one Umayyad Dynasty Territories and Goth Empire fall. One Visgoth Princess, Sarah , went to Umayyad
Dynasy s basic, Syria and meet with Umayyad Caliph Hisham Ibn Abd Malik
for reported his uncle, Arthabas. At Syria, Sarah married Isa Ibn Muzahim,
slave from former Umayyad Caliph Umar Ibn Abd Aziz ( ruled 717-720 AD). After married Isa Ibn Muzahim, Sarah and his
husband back to Spain and has child named Abd Aziz. According Imam Dhahabi,
Sarah is ancestor from Ibn Quthiyya. “Quth” is Arabic Phrase from Goth.
Ibn Quthiyya, has originale name
Muhammad Ibn Umar Ibn Abd Aziz ( not Umar Ibn Abd Aziz who became Umayyad
Caliph). Philip.K.Hitti at his book, History Of The Arabs, doesnt write
year of his birthday. But, Hitti write that he die at 997 AD. He live when Umayyad Dynasty ruled at capital
of Cordova, Spain. And, according Hitti, he born at Cordova. His father, Umar
Ibn Abd Aziz, is judge at Seville, Spain, one territories under Umayyad
Dynasty.
Ibn Quthiyya studied Hadiths (
Islamic Oral Tradition from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam )
from Said Ibn Jabir, Aslam Ibn Abd Aziz,
Ibn Lubaba, Muhammad Ibn Abdullah az-Zubaidi, Thahir Ibn Abd Aziz, and
several Hadith Scholars. According Imam
Dhahabi, Ibn Quthiyya is clever scholar, but he doesnt too clever at Fiqh and
Hadith Knowledge. From book that written by Ibn Quthiyya , according Imam
Dhahabi is Tashrif al-Afal and Al-Maqshur wa al-Mamdud. And, his
monumental book about Islamic History at Spain titled Tarikh Iftitah
al-Andalus or popular with The History Of Ibn alQutiya that contained information about Islamic
progress at Spain from Umayyad conquest at Spain at 711 AD to reign of
Abdurrahman III, biggest caliph from Umayyad Dynasty ( ruled 912-961 AD). According Philip.K.Hitti, Ibn Quthiyya is
expert at language. Not freak if Imam Dhahabi give him title “Al-Lugawhi”. When codificated Islamic History Of Spain at
book Tarikh Iftitah al-Andalus, he used Arabic Traditional method, Sanad ,
this method is collect oral stories from several peoples.
He also has long age. Many people
studied history from them. He became one history teacher who has many students.
Other Ibn Quthiyya, also exist several other
Historians at Spain Umayyad Goverment. Such as Abu al-Walid Abdullah Ibn
Muhammad Ibn al-Faradhi ( born 962 AD) who
write book Tarikh Ulama al-Andalus and also Ibn Hayyan (987-1076 AD) ,
who write al-Muqtabis fi Tarikh ar-Rijal al-Andalus. According Philip.K.Hitti, Ibn Quthiyya is one
pioneer from Islamic Historiography at Spain. Because, after Ibn Quthiyya,
appear many historical works for Islamic History at Andalusia.
After leave his legay, Ibn Quthiyya
die at 997 AD. Imam Dhahabi, praise him . According Imam Dhahabi, Ibn Quthiya
is scholar who obey worship and love make goodness. May Allah Subhanahuwataala
bless him.
Refrences:
Imam
ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala: Mutiara Kisah Pilihan Orang-orang
Cemerlang Dalam Sejarah Islam ( edisi ringkas oleh DR.Sulaiman al-Asyqar),
Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs:
Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam,
Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Al-Qutiya, Ibn: Early Islamic Spain:
The History Of Ibn al-Qutiya, translatted by David James, Routledge, 2009
AD.
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