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Story Of Muhammad Ibn Qasim: Conqueror Of Pakistan.

Source: Hamariweb.

Today, we will discuss about Muhammad Ibn Qasim , Umayyad Commander who conquer Pakistan. And, it is beginning for Islamic Goverment History at South Asia. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations abot Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for help us develop our blog that  educated people about focuss at Islamic History and Civilizations. Ok, lets start it.

Muhammad Ibn Qasim, is cousin from Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf, Umayyad Governor Of Iraq.  Since his age still 17 years old, he was became one commander from Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf. And, he will became commander from mission from conquer Territories Of Sindh, Pakistan.

Baladhuri, Abbasid Historian, tell us that war beetwen Umayyad Dynasty and Kingdom Of Sindh begin by one incident. One day, Ruler Of Yaqut Islands send several Muslim Womens who born at his islands, because their father die when doing trade at this islands. And, several Muslim Womens from this islands sended to Hajjaj by ship. Several people from Mead ad-Daibul hijacked their ships and also kidnapped several womens,  one woman ask helped to Hajjaj. Hajjaj ask King Of Sindh, Dahir for liberated several women that captured by pirate. Dahir reject it and Hajjaj tried attack Sindh. He ask his commander, Ubaydilla  Ibn Nabhan and Budail Ibn Thahfa al-Bajali for attack Sindh. They are killed and Umayyad Army defeated.  At 710 AD, Hajjaj send Muhammad Ibn Qasim for lead Umayyad Army to Sindh.

Muhammad Ibn Qasim lead 6000 Umayyad Army from Syria and also added by Umayyad Army from several territories.  According Baladhuri, they are completed by warships and siege heavy artillery. achieved City Of Daibul , one territories of Sindh at Friday.  They tried to captured Daibul with attack this city. They attack Fortress Of Daibul by their mangonels.  And, Umayyad s mangonels can destroy sacred tower at this city. Umayyad Army also can defeat Garrison Of Daibul and Muhammad Ibn Qasim kill Sadan, keeper for their temple.  And, when Umayyad Army occupied this city, Muhammad Ibn Qasim build mosque at this city.

And, know Daibul fall to Umayyad Army, Dahir tried to attack Umayyad Army. Umayyad Army and Sindh Army fight at Indus River . Dahir used elephants batalyon for defeat Umayyad Army.  According Iraqi Historian,Ali Ibn Hamid al-Kufi,  such as quoted by Hugh Kenendy,Sindh Army consist of 20.000 warriors and 60 elephant riders.  Dahir ride elephant with  stretcher and according Ali Ibn Hamid, Umayyad Army burn Dahir s stretcher wih firebows unti Dahir fall to  River Of Indus and he killed at this battle. Sindh Army suffered big defeated at this battle. This battle, is key from conquest of Sindh.

According Ali Ibn Hamid al-Kufi, such as quoted by Kennedy, many Sindh Noblewomens burn their self. Sister from King Dahir lead this process.  Muhammad Ibn Qasim conquer City Of Brahmanabadh. And,  several Hindus Priests came to Muhammad Ibn Qasim and submit theirself. They pray for Muhammad Ibn Qasim. Muhammad Ibn Qasim honoured them and give them special status such as at age of King Chach, King Of Sindh before King Dahir.  Muhammad Ibn Qasim, lead Sindh as Umayyad Governor and he threat people at Sindh who still adherent Hinduism or Buddhism with good threatment.  Ali Ibn Hamid also give interest information. Muhammad Ibn Qasim married Dahir s widow, Ladi. According Kennedy, it is trial for make alliance with old noblemen class at Sindh.  Muhammad Ibn Qasim conquered many territories, according Baladhuri, achieve Rur, Baghrur, Saundry,  Multan, and Sersat.

After this Muhammad Ibn Qasim next his journey to al-Kirj and at al-Kirj, King Of al-Kirj, Dauhar tried to attack Muhammad Ibn Qasim. Muhammad Ibn Qasim can conquered al-Kirj and defeat Dauhar. Unfortunately, Sulayman Ibn Abd Malik became Umayyad Caliph after al-Walid Ibn Abd Malik. He appointed Shaleh Ibn Abdurrahman as tax officer at Iraq and Yazid Ibn Abu Kabasha at Mayor Of Sindh. He also captured Muhammad Ibn Qasim. Shaleh Ibn Abdurrahman tortured Muhammad Ibn Qasim until he die.  Several Indians people make Muhammad Ibn Qasim s statue at al-Kirj and they cry because Muhammad Ibn Qasim s die. He die at 95 Hijriyya. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.

Refrences:
Syaikh Al-Baladzuri: Futuhul Buldan: Penaklukkan Negeri-negeri dari Fathu Makkah Sampai Negeri Sind, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2015 M.

Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.

Ahmad: Muhammad bin Qasim Sang Penakluk India - Hidayatullah.com, accesed 11 June 2025, 13: 24 PM.

 

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