Today, we will discuss about Event of
Karbala 680 AD. What happened at this event and how Hussayn ib Ali, grandson
from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam can die at hand of
Umayyad Dynasty s regime? . Ok, please read this article and subscribe my blog
for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb
for you, but have big role for help our blog that focuss at Islamic History and
Civilizations. And, it is one important episode for Sunni or Shia Muslims.
Important for know, after die of Ali ibn Abi Thalib, fourth caliph
from Rashidun Caliphate ( ruled 656-661 AD) at 661 AD, Ali s sons, Hassan and Hussayn
entered new political order. Hassan ever became caliph at 661 AD, before
Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan. According Syrian Historian , Ibn Kathir, after die of Ali at hand of one Kharijite
Rebel, Ibn Muljam, several shahabas coronated Hassan as next caliph. After
this, Rashidun Governor at Azerbaijan, Qais ibn Saad ibn Ubada, who became comamander for 40.000
warriors, provocated Hassan to attack Syria, Muawiya s basic. Muawiya, is one
rival from his father, Ali ibn Abi Thalib and Leader of Syria under Rashidun
Caliphate.
Hassan, want peace. But, Qais ibn Saad and
his army can provocated Hassan. Hassan moved with big army for attack Syria.
Hassan and Qais ibn Saad moved to Syria.
Qais, became pioneer army commander. Pioneer army numbered 12.000 warriors. And,
owhen they achieved Ctesiphon/Madain, former Sassanid Empire s capital. Pioneer
army forward and Hassan stopped at military campt at Madain. And, one man shouted: “KNOW, QAIS IBN SAAD
IBN UBADA WAS KILLED”!!. Hassan s army mess and they stabbed Hassan
until Hassan suffered seriously injured. Hassan entered Palace of Ctesiphon. Hassan s deputy at Ctesiphob, Saad ibn Masud
at-Thaqafi. Saad s nephew, al-Mukhtar
ibn Abi Ubaid, askSaad for captured Hassan and bring Hassan to Muawiya. Saaa rejected
it.
At this time, Muawiya and his army was
moved and achieved Maskin. Hassan send letter to Muawiya for invited Muawiya
received peace. Muawiya send Abdullah ibn Amr and Abdurrahman ibn Samura. Hassan and them negotiate at Kufa, Iraq.
Hassan ask to them for forbid people mocked Ali ibn Abi Thalib. And, he also
ask permission for take 5.000.000 Dirham from Bayt al Mal ( Islamic State Bank)
Kufa and tax from Territories of Darabjard. If this conditions filled, Muawiya will became
caliph. At 661 AD, Muawiya became caliph after this conditions filled. Muawiya , started Umayyad Caliphate s era.
At 669 AD, Muawiya die and replaced by his
son, Yazid ibn Muawiya. Hussayn doesnt received Yazid s goverment. According
Philip.K.Hitti, Yazid loved spree and luxury life. Hussayn , at 680 AD, moved to Kufa with his
family and followers for filled Iraqians at Kufa who ask him for became caliph.
Umayyad Governor at Iraq, Ubaydulla ibn
Ziyad at 10 October 680 AD/10 Muharram 61 Hijriyya, send 4000 army under Umar
ibn Saad ibn Abi Waqqash for attack Hussayn s
group that only consist of 200 peoples. Umar ibn Saad and his army
attack Hussayn at Karbala. Hussayn s group slaughtered by Umair ibn Saad s
army. Hussayn killed by one Umayyad Commander, Shamr ibn Dhil Jushin, and Hussayn s head sended to Caliph Yazid at Damascus,
capital from Umayyad Dynasty. At Shia Islam s tradition, day of Hussay
s die memorized as Ashura s Holiday.
After this, happened chaos. Al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd
attack Kufa and drive ut Governor of Kufa, Abdullah bin Muthi. Many Shia
Muslims join with al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubaid. According Ibn Kathir, it is happened
at 66 Hijriyya/686 AD. Al-Mukhtar chased Hussayn s murders , and kill Shamr ibn
Dhil Jushin. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless Hassan and Hussayn ibn Ali,
grandson from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Refrences:
Al-Hafizh Ibnu Katsir: Perjalanan Hidup
Empat Khalifah Rasul Yang Agung, Penerbit Darul Haq, 2012 M.
-------: Al-Bidayah Wa an-Nihayah,
Penerbit Insan Kamil, 2020 M.
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs:
Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam,
Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
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