Title
of Pharaoh (Arabic: Firaun) many telled at Koran ( Islamic Holy Book), of
course at story of Propeth Musa Alaihissalam. But, who became Pharaoh at
this age?. This article will discuss about identification who mentioned by
Pharaoh at Koran. And, also archaeological proof that strengthen this. Please
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Story
about Propeth Musa of Pharaoh, mentioned
at several Koran s part. Such as Surah al-Qashash, Surah as Shuara, and Surah
Al-Araf. One Koran s verses that mentioned name of Pharaoh, is QS.ad-Dukhan: 31
that tell about how Allah save Israeli at age of Propeth Musa from Pharaoh s
tyranny:
مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَالِيًا مِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ
From
Pharaoh. Indeed, he was a haughty one among the transgressors.
Imam
Ibn Kathir, tell that Pharaoh will kill many Israeli boys at Egypt, because
fear his throne seized by Israeli Populations at Egypt. And, it is make Musa
that at this time is one Israeli Born swept away at River of Nile , Egypt by
his mother. Musa finded by Pharaoh s wife and caretaken by Pharaoh s wife.
Until, Musa get revelation from Allah Subhanahuwataala and became
propeth who preach to Pharaoh for worship Allah and doesnt became arrogant s
ruler. And, when Propeth Musa preach, Pharaoh s wizards trust to Allah. Propeth
Musa, also save Israeli Populations at Egypt with lead them run from Egypt to
Palestine. And, Pharaoh with his army chased Propeth Musa and when they run and
Propeth Musa, at way, split sea until Pharaoh and his army drowned. It is story
from Islamic Tradition. Imam Ibn Kathir, tell it according Koranic s verses and
Islamic s tradition.
But,
who identified as Pharaoh that mentioned at Koran?. DR.Nadiah Thayyarah, argue
that Pharaoh that tell at Koran, maybe refer to Menfana, son from Ramses II. He
is one Egyptian King who cruel to Israeli and drown with his army at sea.
DR.Nadiah Thayyarah said, at 19 TH Century,
Pharaohs s tomb finded at Egypt, at delta of Nile River. And, also finded one Pharaoh s corpse that identified
as Ramses II. And, it is match with Koran, Surah Yunus: 92 :
فَالْيَوْمَ نُنَجِّيكَ بِبَدَنِكَ لِتَكُونَ لِمَنْ خَلْفَكَ آيَةً ۚ
وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ النَّاسِ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا لَغَافِلُونَ
So
today We will save you in body that you may be to those who succeed you a sign.
And indeed, many among the people, of Our signs, are heedless.
According
Researcher Syamsul Dwi Maarif, Pharaoh at age of Propeth Musa Alaihissalam,
can refer to two Pharaoh , Ramses II ( ruled 1279-1212 BC) and Marenptah (
ruled 1212-1202 BC). Muzharafuddin Nadvi, such as quoted by Researcher Syukron Affani, said that Pharaoh s
dynasty at Egypt, originally, not native from Egypt, but originated from Tribe
of Amalek, Syria. Whatever it is, such
as mentioned by Syamsul Dwi Maarif, Propeth Musa Alaihissalam life at
goverment from two Pharaoh. Wallahualam Bishawab.
Refrences:
Imam
Ibnu Katsir: Al-Bidayah Wa An-Nihayah, Penerbit Insan Kamil, 2018 M.
Thayyarah,
DR.Nadiah: Buku Pintar Sains Dalam Al-Quran: Mengerti Mukjizat Ilmiah Firman
Allah, Penerbit Zaman, 2014 M.
Affani,
S. (2017). Rekonstruksi Kisah Nabi Musa dalam al-Quran: Studi Perbandingan
dengan Perjanjian Lama. Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial,
12(1), 170-196.
Maarif,
Syamsul Dwi: Siapa
Firaun, Qarun & Haman dan Kisahnya dengan Nabi Musa?, accesed 20
September 2025, 09: 46 AM.
Surah Ad-Dukhan (The Smoke - English
translation) سُورَة الدخان,
accesed 20 September 2025, 09: 46 AM.
Al-Quran
10:92 - Surah Yunus Ayah #92 - English Translation | Quran Translate,
accesed 20 September 2025, 09: 47 AM.
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