Today,
we will discuss about Al-Yaqubi, Egypt Historian who became one early Islamic
Historian, Traveler, and Geographer. He is one Historian who also traveled at
many territories for search informations. His contribution at Islamic
Historiography, make him became one first Historian who mastered Islamic
Historiography and also geography, with datas that collected by traveling to
many states. And, his book mentioned as oldest book at geographical history . Please read this article until end and
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His
original name is Ahmad ibn Yaqub ibn Wadhih and popular with name Al-Yaqubi. He
born at Anatolia ( now part from Turkey at Asia). Not
knowed when he born. But, knowed that his grandfather is slave from Abbasid
Caliph, Abu Jafar al-Manshour . He die
at Egypt at 897 AD. He lived at Baghdad at era of Abbasid Caliph,Al-Mutamid (
ruled 870-892 AD). Yaqubi popular as traveler. He doing travel to Armenia,
Central Asia, Iran, India, Egypt, Hijaz, and North Africa. Until 873 AD, Yaqubi
ever stay at Iran, when Iran ruled by Tahirid Dynasty. When traveling, he
collect many informations about history and geography.
After
ruin of Tahirid Dynasty, he traveld to India, North Africa, and Egypt. At
Egypt, at 891 AD, he write one dictionary that discuss about geographical
situation at Islamic Territories. The title is Kitab al-Buldan/Mujam
a-Buldan ( book of the lands). At his book, he write all informations about
several lands that ever he visit. At first volume, he write about City of
Baghdad, capital from Abbasid Caliphate, and also City Of Samara ( North
Baghdad). And, he also write about situation from Iran, Syria, Egypt,
Nubia/North Sudan , North Africa, and
other. This encyclopedia, consist of
33.180 pages.
His
work at history that quoted by Badri
Yatim, is Tarikh Al-Yaqubi that consist of two volumes. First volume
discuss about ancient world history, such as story of propeths at Abrahamic
Faith Religions, from Propeth Adam Alaihissalam to Propeth Isa Alaihissalam.
He also quoted many stories from Christiant Literatures. He also write about
ancient kingdoms s history such as Kingdom of Babylon, Abbisinia, Greeks, Romans
Empire, Persians, Armenia, Arabian Kingdoms at Yemen and Syria. When write
about one kingdom, he also give explained about climate, geographics, relugion,
and traditions.
Second
volume, discuss about Islamic History from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi
Wasallam until age of Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutamid ( ruled 870-892 AD). He
doesnt follow Hadiths ( Islamic Oral Traditions from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu
Alaihi Wasallam) s scholars method for write history, but mentioned sources
of citation. Yaqubi also critics with
informations that he received. At Aleppo, Syria, he make relations with one
historians community at this city.
And,
other Tarikh al-Yaqubi and Kitab al Buldan, he also write book
that titled Musykalaat al-Nas li Zamanihim that discuss how society
imitated their leaders at Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasty Era. At 897 AD, Al-Yaqubi
die at Egypt after leave big legacy at Islamic Historiography, specially at
historiography by geographical style, such as he written at his books . May
Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.
Refrences:
Hitti,
Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang
Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Yatim,
Badri: Historiografi Islam,
Penerbit Logos Wacana Ilmu, 1997 M.
Redaksi:
Al-Ya'qubi,
Penulis Ilmu Geografi | Barisan.co, accesed 31 October 2025, 08: 54 AM.
The
Editors Of Encyclopaedia Britannica: Al-Yaʿqūbī | Middle East,
Geography, Biography | Britannica, accesed 31 October 2025, 08: 55.
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