Spain,
conquered by Umayyad Dynasty after Battle of Guadalate 711 AD againt Kingdom of
Visigoth. And, this territories became Islamic territories until Kingdom of
Castille conquest Granada, last fortress for Muslims at Spain at 1492 AD.
Today, we will discuss about Baqi ibn Makhlad, first scholar who teach Hadiths
( Islamic Oral Tradition from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam)
at Spain. Please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more
informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you,
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Baqi,
has full title Abu Abdurrahman al-Andalusi al-Qurthubi al-Hafizh. And, his name
is Baqi ibn Makhlad ibn Yazid. Baqi . born at 816 AD. He life when age of
second Umayyad Dynasty that centered at Cordova, Spain. For study, Baqi
traveled to many states at east. At Hijaz, he studied to Abu Mushab az-Zuhri
and Ibrahim ibn Mundhir. At Egypt, he studied from Zuhair ibn Ibad, at
Damascus, Syria, he studied to Ibrahim ibn Hisham al-Ghassani, Safwan ibn
Salih, Hisham ibn Ammar, and other. Imam Dhahabi said that Baqi has 284
teachers.
Imam
Dhahabi write that Baqi ibn Makhlad is pious cleric. He love ascetism, love
fasting, honest, and love Tahajjud ( night pray). And, he is one Islamic judge
who take judgement according Athar ( narration from shahabas/tabiin or
Islamic generation after Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam ).
His
work , is Musnad Baqi ibn Makhlad that consist from narrations that narrated by
1.300 Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s shahabas/ And, when doing voyage for studied,
Baqi life so simple. He doesnt eat, only
cabbage. And, he read Koran ( Islamic Holy Book) until end all nights at
17 rakaat ( count of prayer). And, when
achieve Baghdad, he want studied to Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, and at this time
Ahmad ibn Hanbal get forbid for teach Hadiths because one problem. And, at this
time, Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal get problem with Abbasid Caliphate authority. At 827 AD, Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mamun, make
Mutazila , one sect mix of philosophy and Islamic Theology as state s official
school. Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal doesnt
received this ideology, and he get punishment entered jail.And, hear this, make
Baqi ibn Maqlad sad. He went to mosque and study Hadith to Imam Yahya ibn Main
Baqi,
still want meet with Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He came to Imam Ahmad s house and
Imam Ahmad ask he from where. He answer he came from Spain. And, Imam Ahmad
tell Baqi that himself get punishment forbid teach Hadiths. Baqi studied with
unique method to Imam Ahmad. He studied with pretend became beggar and came to Imam Ahmad s house. It is until
Imam Ahmad s punishment ended and Mutazila dont became state s scholar.
And,
uniquely, he doesnt married when he search knowledges. And, he studied until
Aden. And, when he back to Spain, he became first teacher who teach Hadiths at
Spain. Other Musnad Baqi ibn Makhlad, he also write other books, such as
Mushannaf Abi Baka bin Abi Syaibah, Mushannaf Abdurrazaq, and Mushannaf
Said bin Manshur. According Imam Dhahabi, Baqi ibn Makhlad get special
place at eye of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. And, he also has equivalent position
with several prime Hadiths Imam at Islamic Traditional, Imam Bukhari, Imam
Muslim, and Imam Nasai.
Imam
Baqi ibn Makhlad, die at 889 AD. After leave legacy to Islamic Intelectual at
Spain. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.
Refrences:
Hitti,
Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang
Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Imam
ad-Dhahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala: Mutiara Kisah Pilihan Orang orang
Cemerlang Dalam Sejarah Islam ( edisi ringkas oleh DR.Sulaiman al-Asyqar),
Penerbit al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
Raisuddin,
ANM: BAQĪ B. MAKHLAD AL-QURṬUBĪ (201-276/816-889) AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE
STUDY OF ḤADĪTH LITERATURE IN SPAIN. JSTOR. Vol.27.No.2. 1988 M.
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