Today, we will discuss about Islamic Modern Revolutioner who has big influence, from Istanbul to Europe. He is Jamal Addin Al-Afghani, one Islamic Revolutioner who spread ideas about modernism and new ideas about Islamic Forward to all part from Middle East. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more information about Islamic History. Is easy verb for you, but have big influence for help us educated people about Islamic History.
Jamal Addin, born at Asadabad, Afghanistan at 1836 AD. His family is one noblemen family at Afghanistan. But, his family doing anything that offend Kingdom Of Afghan, until his family forced leaved Asadabad and went to Iran. At 18 Years Old, Jamal Addin went to India for meet with several Muslim Scholars, they make plan for eliminated British Colonization at India. After from India, he went to Afghanistan for help Afghan s crownprince, Prince Azam Khan to fight againt British Colonization. He educated Prince Azam about revolution ideas. But, when Azam became king, British Goverment ousted Azam from his position and Azam escape to Iran.
After this, Jamal Addin went to Anatolia ( now East Turkey) that under Ottoman Empire. He orated at University Of Constantinople, Muslims must studied knowledge from Western Civilization. But, they must educated their children about Islamic Teaching, Tradition, and History. Jamal Addin became modernist speaker at Ottoman Empire. Modernization, according Jamal Addin Al-Afghani, dont must westernization, Muslim can find modernization style that match with Islamic Tradition and Culture.
At 1871 AD, Jamal Addin went to Egypt when he became lecturer at Al-Azhar University Of Cairo, Egypt. Jamal Addin also tried to introduced Islamic Democration: Shura and Ijma. Shura is mecanism when Muslim Leader ask helped from several parlement, such as at the age of Caliph Umar Ibn Al-Khattab. And, Ijma is concept when candidate from Muslim Leader must get assent from Muslims Society. Jamal Addin also criticize Muslim s Noblemens attitude at Egypt. Because this, King Of Egypt angry and at 1879 AD, drive out Jamal Addin Al-Afghani and Jamal Addin went to India. At India, he confront University Of Aligarh under Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan that became subordinate from British Colonization. For know about Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan, you can read this article:
Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan: First Muslim Modern Scholar At India.
British loved Sayyid Ahmad s ideas because compromist to Western Civilization. But, when broke rebellion at Egypt for resistance British s Goverment, British Goverment drive out Jamal Addin Al-Afghani. At 1882 AD, Jamal Addin went to Paris, France.
At France, Jamal Addin write several articles that written at English, Persian, Arab, Urdu, and French Language. With his student, Muhammad Abduh ( his student at Egypt), Jamal Addin write journal that have title Urwat Al-Wutsqa (Arabic: strongest bond). With his journal, he influence people about Pan Islamism. According Researcher Arbi Mulya Sirait, Jamal Addin became pioneer from Pan Islamism Ideology ( solidarity beetwen Muslims). He also visits several western state such as USA ( United States Of America) and Great Britain.
At Uzbekistan , Central Asia, that under Empire Of Russia, Jamal Addin ask Emperor Of Russia to help Muslims at Central Asia for press Koran (Islamic Holy Book) and several Islamic Literatures.
Before his die, Jamal Addin visit Iran and Istanbul, Ottoman Empire Capital. When Jamal Addin stay at Istanbul, he die because his disease, mouth cancer. He die at 1897 D At Istanbul, Turkey.
Refrences:
Ansary, Tamim: Dari Puncak Bagdad:Sejarah Dunia Versi Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2017 M.
Sirait, A. M. (2020). Jamaluddin Al-Afghani dan Karir Politiknya. Intelektual: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Keislaman, 10(2), 167-182.
Kedourie, Elie: Jamal al-Din al-Afghani | Biography, History, & Facts | Britannica, accesed 20 December 2024, 21: 19 AM.
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