Today, we will discuss about Ahnaf Ibn Qays, One Muslim Commander who also become scholar. He is important figure at Rashidun Caliphate s Conquest at Persia. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe our blog for more information about Islamic History. It is important step for us, but have big role for help us educate people about Islamic History and Civilization. Ok, lets start it.
Ahnaf Ibn Qays, born at 619 AD at Nejd, Saudi Arabia. He originated from Tribe Of Tamim. And, he originated from lower level family at Tribe Of Tamim. Al-Ahnaf also short man with bold hed and mess tooths. He convert to Islam when he was children when Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Al-Ahnaf cannot meet Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam when his childhood because Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam was die at 632 AD, when he still 13 years old. Because this, Al-Ahnaf cannot included Shahaba , but Tabiin.
But, Ahnaf never give up. He studied Islam to several Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s shahabas, such as Qais Ibn Ashim Al-Minqari and also Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab, Second Caliph from Rashidun Caliphate. Al-Ahnaf studied at Qais Ibn Ashim s council and also studied at Council Of Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab. Al-Ahnaf studied wisdom from Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab. Al-Ahnaf became one Arabian Scholars at his age.
One day, a man insulted Al-Ahnaf and Al-Ahnaf doesnt replied his ridicule. The man regret his verb. Other day, Al-Ahnaf walk at one street at City Of Bashra , Iraq , one man insulted him. But, Al-Ahnaf again, doesnt reply him. It is show Al-Ahnaf has great soul.
According Syrian Historian, DR.Abdurrahman Rafat Basya, Al-Ahnaf doing night prayer every night. When he doing nightprayer, he cried because fear about his mistakes.
Al-Ahnaf also became commander at Rashidun Army.Al-Ahnaf started his carrier as warrior at Rashidun Army under Commander Utbah Ibn Ghazwan that will sended by Caliph Umar Ibn Khattab to Persian Empire Territories when broke conflict beetwen Rashidun Caliphate and Persian Empire. At this time, Ubulla/ Bashra still became Persian Army Basic. Ahnaf follow this mission. And, at 14 H, Utbah can defeat 4000 Persian Army and conquer Bashra.
Rashidun Army next with attack Tustar, Fortress Of Persian Army at Iraq. At this conquest, Al-Ahnaf became Muslim Commander with Anas Ibn Malik. And, Hormudzan, Persian Commander became Rashidun Army s hostage.
At 22 H, Ahnaf as commander has desire to attack Empire Of Persia until this empire ended because Empire Of Persia always started conflict with Rashidun Caliphate. Al-Ahnaf and Rashidun Army entered one Persia Empire Center at East Territories, Khorasan. Al-Ahnaf entered Khorasan with his army and conquer Capital Of Khorasan, Herat after battle. King Of Persia, Yazdegered escaped to Merv Ar-Rudz. Ahnaf conquer City Of Marwu Shajan and Yazdegred ask helped to King Of Soghdian at Central Asia and King Of China. Al-Ahnaf chased Yazdegred until City Of Balkh, now at Afghanistan. Yazdegred also ask helped to Khagan, King Of Turks at Central Asia. Al-Ahnaf bring 20.000 Rashidun Army from Iraq. But, Yazdegred came with big army that consist from Persian-Turks Coalition. At this time, Al-Ahnaf doing brave and clever tactic for escape big confrontation , because Rashidun Army too little for confrontation. At dawn, Ahnaf attack 3 Turkish Warriors who sended by Khagan for beating wardrums. Seeing this, Khagan and his army retreat from battle. Yazdegred also retrat from battle and Turks-Persian Coalition defeated without battle.
Ahnaf die at 691 AD after doing many services for Muslims and Rashidun Caliphate. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.
Refrences:
Basya, DR.Abdurrahman Rafat: Para Tabiin Rahimahullah: Kisah Perjuangan dan Keteladanan, Penerbit Darul Haq, 2016 M.
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Al-Hafizh Ibnu Katsir: Perjalanan Hidup Empat Khalifah Rasul Yang Agung, Penerbit Darul Haq, 2012 M.
Kennedy, Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.
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