Mutazila: Islamic Philosopher Sect. (1)

 

Source:Timetoast.

Today, we will discuss about Mutazila, Islamic Philosopher Sect at Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasty Era. This sect, born many philosophers who have big role for shaped Islamic History and Civilization. Ok, please read this article until end and subcribe my blog for more information about Islamic History and Civilization. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for help us flow our  blog that educate people about Islamic History and Civilization.

Mutazila, is one intelectual Islamic Sect, that appear at 1 TH Century Of Hijriyya/ 8 TH Century AD, at era of Umayyad Dynasty. This sect, founded by Wasil Ibn Ata. According Historian Harun Nasution, Wasil Ibn Ata, born at 81 H at Medina and die at 131 H. According Harun Nasution, Wasil Ibn Ata, is student from one Iraqi Scholar at Bashra, Hassan al-Bashri.  Wasil join Hassan s college at Mosque Of Bashra. One day, he has different argument with Hassan, that Muslims who doing big mistakes, doesnt believers and also doesnt infidels. After this, Wasil out from Hassan al-Bashir s college. Because this, Hassan said that Wasil Itazala ( Arabic: separated this self) and because this, Wasil and his followers , named by Mutazila.

According Historian al-Baghdadi, that cited by Harun Nasution, Hassan drive out Wasil because Wasil and Hassan quarrell at problem Qadar ( Allah Subhanahuwataala s ordinances) and people who doing big mistakes. From Wasil s creed,  people who doing big mistakes,  cannot mentioned by believers and cannot mentioned by infidels, but mentioned as Fasiq, who his position beetwen believers and infidels. It is antithesist from Kharijites s creed that said Muslims who doing big mistakes, are infidels.

For know about Kharijites, you can access this article:

Origin Of Kharijites: One Earliest Extreme Sect at Islamic History.

Wasil, has argument that Allah Subhanahuwataala dont have characer  and also Mutazila has several creeds, such as Allah Subhanahuwataala is fair. Wasil has two students, Bishr Ibn Said and also Abu Uthman al-Zafarani. They became Mutazila teacher and they  have two student, Abu Hudhail al-Allaf and Bishr Ibn Mutamar.  Abu Hudhail became big teacher from Mutazila at Bashra and Bishr, became big teacher from Mutazila at Baghdad.

Abu Hudhail, became one early Muslim Philosopher. He became Leader Of Mutazila at Bashra and at Bashra, he fight at logical debate with several groups, such as Zoroastrianism, Atheist, Atheist, and other.  Since this age, Mutazila progressed. One student from Abu Hudhail, Ibrahim Ibn Sayyar al-Nazzam,  became Mutazila leader from Bashra. At his progress, Mutazila adopted many aspects from Greek Philosophy.  According Researcher Ahmad Zaeny, several Islamic Cities, such as  Alexandria, Antioch, and Bachtra under Umayyad Dynasty, became basics for Greek Philosophy Lessons. 

Mutazila, also dont believe Koran ( Islamic Holy Book) as one  miracles, different from other Muslims. It is because, according their mind, Koran only miracles at his containt, and people can make literature that became Koran s rival,  according al-Nazzam. It is make different Mutazila with other Muslims who trust that Koran is one miracles.

Refrences:

Nasution, Harun: Teologi Islam: Aliran aliran Sejarah Analisa Perbandingan, UI  Press, 1978 M.

Zaeny, A. (2011). Idiologi Dan Politik Kekuasaan Kaum Mu’tazilah. Jurnal Tapis: Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, 7(2), 94-109.