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At before article, we was discuss about story of Zubayr Ibn Awwam, protetctor from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam at part 1. At part 2, we will discuss Zubayr s role at Rashidun Caliphate chaos and civil war. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilization. It is easy step, but have big role for help us flow our blog that focuss about Islamic History and Civilization.
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At 656 AD, Caliph Uthman Ibn Affan, third caliph from Rashidun Caliphate, killed because rebellion. According Imam Dhahabi, who quoted from story that narrated by Said Ibn Musayyib, Uthman Ibn Affan, appointed Muhammad Ibn Abu Bakr , son from Caliph Abu Bakr as -Shiddiq who stay at Medina as Rashidun Governor at Egypt. One day, Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr captured one slave who bring a letter that written by Uthman Ibn Affan and this letter, contained instruction to former Governor Of Egypt before Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr, Abdullah Ibn Abi Sarah for kill Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr. Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr angry, and with his supporters, he back to Medina.
At Medina, Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr collect several shahabas who became Uthman s oposition, such as Thalha Ibn Ubaydilla, Zubayr Ibn Awwam, Ali Ibn Abi Thalib, and other. Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr also can provocated Bani Taim for attack Uthman Ibn Affan. After this, they know letter that finded by Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr and at letter, written , this letter written by Uthman, it is written by Marwan Ibn Hakam, cousin from Uthman. Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr s group ask Uthman submit Marwan to them. And, Uthman rejected it. Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr and his followers besieged Uthman s house and they kill Uthman. As successor, Ali Ibn Abi Thalib coronated as Rashidun Caliph replaced Uthman Ibn Affan at 656 AD.
Thalha Ibn Ubaydilla and Zubayr Ibn Awwam, came to Ali Ibn Abi Thalib. They ask Ali Ibn Abi Thalib punished Uthman s murders. Zubayr promised, he will bring army from Bashra, Iraq for defeated rebels army who join at Uthman s murders. Ali said Zubayr must patient. It is became begin from civil war at Rashidun Caliphate.
At 656 AD, broke Battle Of Jamal that became incident from Zubayr s murdered. This battle, is one civil battle at era of Caliph Ali s Govermen. This battle, beginned by meeting beetwen Ali and opposition group that at this group, lead by Aisha, widow from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam. At group of opposition, also join Thalha and Zubayr. They want Ali punished Uthman s murder. Ali s group and opposition group want to peace. But, several people who join Uthman s murdered provocated Ali and Aisha s group for fight and the battle broke. Zubayr fight at this battle, and he meet his son, Abdullah Ibn Zubayr. Abdullah advice Zubayr for leave battle and prioritzing peace, related it is battle Muslims beetwen Muslims.
Zubayr, leave battle and he stopped at one oasis, named Siba. At this place, he sleep and one man , named Umayr Ibn Jurmuz, join him. When he sleep, Umayr Ibn Jurmuz kill him.
According Imam Dhahabi, Zubayr die when his age achieve 54 years old. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him. Zubayr s son, Mushab Ibn Zubayr, who became Governor Of Iraq at Umayyad Dynasty Era, punished Umayr Ibn Jurmuz with die punishment.
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Refrences:
Imam ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala Jilid 3: Generasi 1 ( Khulafa Rasyidin Abu Bakar-Ali), Tahqiq oleh Syuaib al-Arnauth & Team, Pustaka Azzam, 2017 M.
Imam ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala Jilid 4: Pembahasan Generasi 1 As-Sabiqunal Awwalun, Syuhada Perang Uhud-Yarmuk: Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah-Bilal, Tahqiq oleh Syuaib al-Arnauth & Team, Pustaka Azzam, 2017 M.
Hitti, Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Al-Hafizh Ibnu Katsir: Perjalanan Hidup Empat Khalifah Rasul Yang Agung, Penerbit Darul Haq, 2012 M.
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