At previous article, we was discuss about Babur, founder of Moghul
Dynasty. Now, we will discuss about Jalal ad-din Akbar, greatest sultan from
Moghul Dynasty. Other popular as biggest sultan from Moghul Dynasty, he also
popular as controvertial figure because his controvertion because his
syncretism movement. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my
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After his die at 1530 AD, Babur replaced
by his son, Humayun. At Humayun s era,
Moghul Dynasty split into several small kingdoms. And, Portuguese achieve
Coastal Of India. At his era, broke rebellion from Sher Khan and Khanauj. Sher Khan
can defeat Humayun until Humayun escaped to Kandahar, and to Persia
because Sher Khan captured Kingdom Of Moghul . He ask helped from King Of
Safavid, Tahmasp for re captured his kingdom. And, at 1555 AD, Humayun can re
annexed Moghul Territories. At 1556 AD, Humayun die and replaced by his son,
Akbar who at this time was 15 years old. Because Akbar was so young, he helped
by Bairam Khan, one Shia adherent. Akbar
s goverment must faced rebellion from Ruler of Agra and also Ruler Of
Gwalior. At 1556 AD, Bairam Khan faced
rebellion at Agra and Gwalior at Second Battle Of Panipat and because this,
Gwalior and Agra became full territories from Moghul Dynasty. And, when Akbar
was grown up, he tried to remove Bairam
Khan, because he forced Shia s ideology s business at goverment. Bairam Khan tried to rebel and Akbar defeat
him at Battle Of Jullandur, 1561 AD.
After stabilized his kingdom, he expand
Moghul Territories until ruled a big part from India and Afghanistan. He can
occupied Chundar, Ghond, Chritor, Surat, Gujarat, and other. But, at 987 AD, he
addopted one freak ideology. Syncretism beetwen Islam, Hindu, Budha,
Zoroastrianism, and other . He also legalyzed Pagan mens married Muslim Womens.
Akbar s relgion, named by Din I Ilahi
( the religion of Allah). According Afghan Historian Tamim Ansary, Akbar started
with call all religion leaders at India, from Hinduism, Christiant, Jainism, Zoroastrianism,
Buddhis, and other. And, after this, combine this to make 1 religion that named
by Din i Ilahi. He used City Of Fatehpur Sikri as center for his
religion and according Tamim Ansary, Fatehpur Sikri established at one dessert
that many tomb and temple at this desert. Akbar s religion failed. Spring for City
Of Fatehpur Sikri dried and this city
die.
Other his controvercial policy, Akbar also
popular with his tolerance. He erased special tax for Hindus and married Hindu
Princess. Akbar also erased Jizyah ( tax for Non Muslims at
Koran/Islamic Holy Book) . Akbar erased military aristocracy and make new
military system that one officer only can became officer at certain time and
after this, he must search for other job. Akbar command his army for protect
all worship places, not only mosques. And, at Akbar s goverment s era, many Sufis
develop Persian Styles for their poetries.
And, Akbar can advanced knowledge
and economy at his goverment age. And,
several Moghul artists write many illustrated books.
Akbar also support Sect Of Sikh that
founded by Teacher Nanak. Teacher Nanak , was went to Mecca for doing Hajj (
pilgrim to Mecca and Medina for Muslims).
Teacher Nanak, after back from Hajj, confess himself as god. King Akbar
give him one land for found City Of Amritsar, India. According Islamic Research and Study Team Of Egypt, at
21 TH Century, now Sect Of Sikh have 10.000.000 followers that based at City Of
Punjab, India.
Akbar die at 1605 AD and replaced by his
son, Jahangir. From Akbar s legacy, is Sect Of Sikh at India.
Refrences:
Ansary, Tamim: Dari Puncak Bagdad:Sejarah Dunia Versi Islam, Penerbit
Serambi, 2017 M.
Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir:
Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.
Lubis, D. E., Muhajir, A., & Dahlan,
Z. (2021). Peradaban dan Pemikiran Islam Pada Masa Dinasti Mughal di India. Islamic
Education, 1(2), 41-46.
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