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Jalal ad-din Akbar: Greatest Sultan from Moghul Dynasty.

 

Source:Alchetron.

At previous article, we  was discuss about Babur, founder of Moghul Dynasty. Now, we will discuss about Jalal ad-din Akbar, greatest sultan from Moghul Dynasty. Other popular as biggest sultan from Moghul Dynasty, he also popular as controvertial figure because his controvertion because his syncretism movement. Ok, please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for get more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations.

After his die at 1530 AD, Babur replaced by his son, Humayun.  At Humayun s era, Moghul Dynasty split into several small kingdoms. And, Portuguese achieve Coastal Of India. At his era, broke rebellion from Sher Khan and Khanauj.  Sher Khan  can defeat Humayun until Humayun escaped to Kandahar, and to Persia because Sher Khan captured Kingdom Of Moghul . He ask helped from King Of Safavid, Tahmasp for re captured his kingdom. And, at 1555 AD, Humayun can re annexed Moghul Territories. At 1556 AD, Humayun die and replaced by his son, Akbar who at this time was 15 years old. Because Akbar was so young, he helped by Bairam Khan, one Shia adherent.  Akbar s goverment must faced rebellion from Ruler of Agra and also Ruler Of Gwalior.  At 1556 AD, Bairam Khan faced rebellion at Agra and Gwalior at Second Battle Of Panipat and because this, Gwalior and Agra became full territories from Moghul Dynasty. And, when Akbar was grown up, he tried to  remove Bairam Khan, because he forced Shia s ideology s business at goverment.  Bairam Khan tried to rebel and Akbar defeat him at  Battle Of Jullandur, 1561 AD.

After stabilized his kingdom, he expand Moghul Territories until ruled a big part from India and Afghanistan. He can occupied Chundar, Ghond, Chritor, Surat, Gujarat, and other. But, at 987 AD, he addopted one freak ideology. Syncretism beetwen Islam, Hindu, Budha, Zoroastrianism, and other . He also legalyzed Pagan mens married Muslim Womens.  Akbar s relgion, named by Din I Ilahi ( the religion of Allah).  According  Afghan Historian Tamim Ansary, Akbar started with call all religion leaders at India, from Hinduism, Christiant, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhis, and other. And, after this, combine this to make 1 religion that named by Din i Ilahi. He used City Of Fatehpur Sikri as center for his religion and according Tamim Ansary, Fatehpur Sikri established at one dessert that many tomb and temple at this desert. Akbar s religion failed. Spring for City Of Fatehpur Sikri dried and  this city die.

Other his controvercial policy, Akbar also popular with his tolerance. He erased special tax for Hindus and married Hindu Princess. Akbar also erased Jizyah ( tax for Non Muslims at Koran/Islamic Holy Book) . Akbar erased military aristocracy and make new military system that one officer only can became officer at certain time and after this, he must search for other job. Akbar command his army for protect all worship places, not only mosques. And, at Akbar s goverment s era, many Sufis develop Persian Styles for their poetries.  And, Akbar can advanced  knowledge and economy at his goverment age.  And, several Moghul artists write many illustrated books.

Akbar also support Sect Of Sikh that founded by Teacher Nanak. Teacher Nanak , was went to Mecca for doing Hajj ( pilgrim to Mecca and Medina for Muslims).  Teacher Nanak, after back from Hajj, confess himself as god. King Akbar give him one land for found City Of Amritsar, India. According  Islamic Research and Study Team Of Egypt, at 21 TH Century, now Sect Of Sikh have 10.000.000 followers that based at City Of Punjab, India.

Akbar die at 1605 AD and replaced by his son, Jahangir. From Akbar s legacy, is Sect Of Sikh at India.

Refrences:
Ansary, Tamim: Dari Puncak Bagdad:Sejarah Dunia Versi Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2017 M.

Tim Riset dan Studi Islam Mesir: Ensiklopedi Sejarah Islam, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2019 M.

Lubis, D. E., Muhajir, A., & Dahlan, Z. (2021). Peradaban dan Pemikiran Islam Pada Masa Dinasti Mughal di India. Islamic Education, 1(2), 41-46.


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