Story Of Suhrawardi: Iranian Philosoph Who Killed by Ayyubid Regime.

 

Source: Iqnair.

Today, we will discuss about Suhrawardi, Iran Philosoph who killed at Ayyubid Regime. He is ne philosoph who die at young age because  accused has deviating theology. Ok, plase read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for help us develop our blog that focuss at Islamic History and Civilizations. And, dont forget,read other articles from this blog about Islamic History and Civilizations.

Suhrawardi has full name Shihab addin Yahya Ibn Habash Ibn Amirak as-Suhrawardi. He born at Suhrawardi, Persia at 1154 AD.  According Imam Dhahabi, Suhrawardi studied to Shaykh al-Majd al-Jilli at Maragha/Maragheh, Azerbaijan. Shaykh Majd is follower from Shafii Madzhab, one Madzhab at Sunni Islam. According Imam Dhahabi, Suhrawardi can mastered ancient knowledge and also Fiqh ( Islamic law). But, he  less at religion obedience.  He also popular with his skill at debate. Other studied to Shaykh al-Majd, Suhrawardi also studied to Shaykh Iftikhar al-Hashimi at School Of Halawiyya.  At Isfahan, he also studied to Fakhr al-Din al Mardini. Imam Dhahabi, quoted Fakhr al din statement that said Suhrawardi is clever student, and, his minus, he has  clumsy character.

At 1183 AD, Suhrawardi went to Aleppo, Syria that ruled by Ayyubid Dynasty. He became mentor for son of Saladin, Founder Of Ayyubid Dynasty, Malik az-Zahir who became Governor Of Aleppo. Suhrawardi became closefriend for Malik az-Zahir. Suhrawardi teach Malik az-Zahir philosophy.  Many people at Aleppo accused Suhrawardi has deviating theology. . Many people report Suhrawardi to Saladin and they said that Suhrawardi destroy Malik az-Zahir s theology. At , it is will became factor of Suhrawardi s die.

According Imam Dhahabi, Suhrawardi also write many boos, such as at-Talwihat al-Lauhiyah wa al-Arsyiyah, Al-Lahmah, Hayakil an-Nur, Al-Marji wa al-Mutharihat and Hikmah al-Isyraq. Several Syrian Scholars at Aleppo, out Fatwa ( scholars s policy) to kill Suhrawardi. According Imam Dhahabi, quoted Muwaffaq Ibn Yaish an-Nahwi, Suhrawardi said that propechy can get by trial, not only by revelation such as Islamic Teaching. But, according Historian Sayyed Hosein Nashr, such as quoted by Azaki Khoirudin,  he get intimidation because his political thinking.

According Witter  Zikraini Alrah, Suhrawardi s think actually consist of  several concept. God is making from light and happened lightening that make several things lighted.  Suhrawardi also has ideal man who combined intelectual and intuition skill can became caliph at the earth.  According Historian Ahmet Kuru, Suhrawardi s mind influenced by several Greek Philosophers, such as Plato, Aristoteles, and also by Muslim Philosophers Ghazali and Ibn Sina. At 1191 AD, Saladin, after get request from his people and also Syrian Scholars at Aleppo, Saladin executed Suhrawardi with die execution.  Imam Dhahabi, tell story about Suhrawardi s die. He die at Fortress Of Aleppo with famine condition.

According Historian Ahmet.T.Kuru, after die of Suhrawardi, rulers and scholars at Ayyubid Dynasty attack philosophy.  Syria and Egypt that under Ayyubid Dynasty, according Ahmet Kuru, suffered degradation at science and philosophy.

At 13 TH Century, Ruler Of Damascus, Ashraf, forbid Islamic Scholars studied knowledge other Hadiths, Koran ( Islamic Holy Book) s Interpretation, and Koran  Law. Ashraf, also forbid peoples at Damascus studied logica and  foreign knowledge.  And, at this era, many philosophers and scientists next write and teach.

Refrences:
Imam ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala: Mutiara Kisah Pilihan Orang-orang Cemerlang Dalam Sejarah Islam ( edisi ringkas oleh DR.Sulaiman al-Asyqar), Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2019 M.

Kuru, Ahmet.T: Islam, Otoritarianisme, dan Ketertinggalan: Perbandingan Lintas Zaman dan Kawasan di Dunia Muslim, Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2021.

Alrah, Zikraini: Pemikiran Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul Filosof yang Terbunuh, accesed 16 June 2025, 16: 21 PM.

Khoirudin, Azaki: Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul, Filsuf Iluminasi Islam yang Dibunuh - IBTimes.ID , accesed 16 June 2025, 16: 24 PM.