Today,
we will discuss about Saad ibn Abi Waqqash, best archer from shahaba who
popular as hero at Battle Of Uhud ( 625 AD), and became commander at one
decisive battle for conquer Persia, Battle Of Qadisiyya ( 638 AD). Please read
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His
full name is Saad ibn Malik ibn Uhayb ibn Abdu Manaf ibn Zuhra ibn Kilab ibn
Murrah ibn Kab ibn Luay. His father,
Malik ibn Uhayb, titled by Abi Waqqash.
He born at 595 AD. He included 10 shahabas that get paradise guarantee
from Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
His
early life, written by Syrian Historian, Abdurrahman Rafat Basya. According
Basya, Saad spend his young age with archery training and when he still 17
years old, he was has wisdom like adult. And, Saad also one Propeth Muhammad Shallahu
Alaihi Wasallam s uncle. He originated from Tribe Of Zuhra, tribe from
Amina bint Wahhab, Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam s mother.
When
Propeth Muhammad preach Islam at Mecca, Saad became third man who convert to
Islam. His convertion to Islam, also get
obstacle. His mother doesnt love his convertion to Islam. His mother threat to stop eat and drink, until
Saad back to Pagan religion. Saad rejec
back to Pagan religion. He said he so love this mother, but more love Allah Subhanahuwataala
and Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Saad s mother melted
and back eat and drink. Saad join moved with other shahaba to Ethiopia at 615
AD and moved to Medina with Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam at
622 AD.
Saad,
has interest story at Battle Of Badr 624 AD, beetwen Muslims Army under Propeth
Muhammad Shallahu alaihi Wasallam and Pagan Quraish Army. Saad s
brother, Umayr ibn Abi Waqqash want join this battle and at this moment, his
age still achieve puberty. Propeth Muhammad forbid him because Umayr stll
young. Umayr cry and because pity, Propeth Muhammad Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam
give him chance to join the battle. Saad and his brother fight at Battle of
Badr. Because his brother still young, Saad bound sword s rope to Umayr s neck.
At this battle, Muslims Army won, and Umayr, die at this battle as martyr. Saad
so sad with this. Umayr leave him.
At
Battle Of Uhud 625 AD, when Muslims Army
forced with Pagan Quraish Army s attack, Saad protect Propeth Muhammad Shallahu
Alaihi Wasallam from Pagan Quraish
attack with his bow. He attack Pagan
Quraish Army with his bow, and according Abdurrahman Rafat Basya, not one his
arrow , only regarded the target. Show his skill at archery. At at this time, Saad s other brother, Utba
ibn Abi Waqqash fight at Pagan Quraish Side and attack Propeth Muhammad Shallahu
Alaihi Wasallam until propeth injured. Muslims Army defeated at this battle
and according Imam Dhahabi, victim from Muslims Army achieve 70 warriors.
At
Rashidun Caliphate Era, Saad also became main commander. He became commander at
Battle Of Qadisiyya at era Caliph Umar ibn Khattab, second caliph from Rashidun
Caliphate (ruled 634-644 AD) againt
Sassanid Empire Of Persia that happened at 637/638 AD. According Imam Ibn Kathir, at this time, Saad
sick until cannot fight at battlefield.
He monitor battle for command center and this battle, is not easy
battle. According Hugh Kennedy, Persian Army achieve 80.000 army. Muslims Army,
under Saad ibn Abi Waqqash , only numbered 12.000 army. Battle broke, Muslims
win the battle and Persian Army defeated. Persian Commander, Rostam die.
According Persian Source, Rostam die at one by one battle with Saad ibn Abi Waqqash.
After Battle Of Qadisiyya, Saad also defeat Persian Army at Battle Of Babylon
and at at 637 , lead Rashidun Army conquer Ctesiphon, capital of Sassanid
Dynasty.
( To
be continued)
Refrences:
Hitti,
Philip.K: History Of The Arabs: Rujukan Induk dan Paling Otoritatif Tentang
Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Penerbit Serambi, 2006 M.
Basya,
DR,.Abdurrahman Rafat: Sirah Sahabat: Kisah Indah dan Sejarah Gemilang
Generasi Terbaik Umat Ini, Pustaka Al-Haura, 2012 M.
Imam
ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala Jilid 1: Pembahasan Sejarah Nabi (
Kelahiran Rasulullah Shallahu Alaihi Wasallam-Perang Khandaq), Tahqiq oleh
Syuaib al Arnauth & Team, Pustaka Azzam, 2017.
----------:Siyar
Alam an-Nubala Jilid 4: Pembahasan Generasi 1 As-Sabiqunal Awwalun, Syuhada
Perang Uhud-Yarmuk: Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah-Bilal, Tahqiq oleh Syuaib
al-Arnauth & Team, Pustaka Azzam, 2017 M.
Al-Hafizh
Ibnu Katsir: Perjalanan Hidup Empat Khalifah Rasul Yang Agung, Penerbit
Darul Haq, 2012 M.
Kennedy,
Hugh: Penaklukkan Muslim Yang Mengubah Dunia, Penerbit Alvabet, 2019 M.
Anonymous:
Kisah
Saad bin Abi Waqqash, Sang Pemanah Ulung dalam Islam | kumparan.com accesed 1 August 2025, 11: 32 PM.
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