Malik as-Shalih Abu Fath: Children Who Became Ruler Of Syria

 

Today, we will discuss about Malik as-Shalih, children who became ruler of Syria replaced his father, Nur addin Mahmoud. He replaced his father at 11 years old. Very small years old, and ousted by Saladin, founder from Ayyubid Dynasty. Please read this article until end and subscribe my blog for more informations about Islamic History and Civilizations. It is easy verb for you, but have big role for help us develop our blog that focuss at Islamic History and Civilization s education to people. And, dont forget, read this article until end for get more informations about this topic.

His name is Malik as-Shalih Abul Fath Ismail, son from Nur addin Mahmoud. He born at 1163 AD. His father, Nur addin Mahmoud, is Ruler of Zengid Dynasty of Syria. Along his father s goverment, Zengid Dynasty can take Damascus from Muslim Ruler who became ally from Crusader, defeat Crusaders at many battles, and also take Egypt from Fathimid Dynasty. Saladin, one Zengid Dynasty General, became Zengid Ruler at Egypt. As-Shalih became Nur addin s crownprince. According Imam Dhahabi, as-Shalih is handsome and good behavior prince who loved by many people.

At 1174 AD, Nur addin Mahmoud die.  Zengid Dynasty territories split. Iraq lead by Sayf addin Ghazi II, nephew from Nur addin. Damascus and Aleppo ruled by Malik as-Shalih, that appointed by his  father as successor. At this time, he still 11 years old and goverment handled by Ibn Muqaddam, one Zengid Commander. Shams addin ibn Dayah handled Goverment of Aleppo. Saladin ruled Egypt.

At same time, Malik as-Shalih still child and his assistans handled goverment and moved capital from Damascus to Aleppo. At Aleppo, de facto ruler, Gumushtigin prisoned Ibn Dayah and at this time, Saladin moved to Aleppo for re united Zengid s territories. Gumushtigin tried to block Saladin s trial. Gumushtigin tried to make alliance with Group of Assasin and Crusader Kingdom of Tripoli that lead by Raymond III.  Saladin besieged Aleppo. Raymond with his Crusaders, helped by Zengid Garrisons, attack Homs, Syria. It is make Saladin moved to Homs and Raymond retreat from this city.  At short time,Saladin can occupied Damascus, Homs, Hama, and Baalbek.

At 1175 AD, Saladin defeat Zengid Army and besieged Aleppo. He ask erased name Malik as-Shalih at sermon and at money. People of Aleppo want peace. At 1175 AD, Saladin defeat Sayf addin Ghazi at Battle of Tel Sultan.  Saladin take Aleppo and give goverment s management to As-Shalih s mother, Shadzbakhat al-Khadim, and also Ibn al-Qaysarani. Saladin also appointed Malik as-Shalih at Ruler of Azaz, Syria.

At 577 H/1181 AD, Malik as-Shalih sick because poisoned by Commander Alam addin Sulayman ibn Jandar. Mentioned by Imam Dhahabi, he sick colone. His doctor advice him drink liquor for medicine. He reject it because he dont want die with liquor at his body. And, he die at 20 years old minus several months. May Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him.

Refrences:

Imam ad-Dzahabi: Siyar Alam an-Nubala: Mutiara Kisah Pilihan Orang orang Cemerlang Dalam Sejarah Islam ( edisi ringkas oleh DR.Sulaiman al-Asyqar), Penerbit al-Kautsar, 2019 M.

Prof.DR.Ali Muhammad as-Shalabi: Shalahuddin al-Ayyubi: Pahlawan Islam Pembebas Baitul Maqdis, Pustaka al-Kautsar, 2018 M.

Anonymous: As-Salih Ismail al-Malik explained, accesed 20 November 2025, 07: 56 AM.