Today,
we will discuss about Selim II, Ottoman Sultan who claimed at his era, Ottoman
Empire started retreat . At this article, we will discus, it is true Ottoman
Empire started retreat at his era?. Please read this article until end and
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Lets start it.
Selim
II, is son from biggest Ottoman Sultan, Sulayman al-Qanuni and he ruled from
1566-1574 AD. He started ruled when his
father die at Battle of Szigetvar. At
1566 also, his first year from his goverment, one Ottoman Admiral, Piyale
Pasha, conquer Island of Sakiz because this island, that under Goverment of
Genoa, support Ottoman Empire s enemy, Knight of ST.John of Malta. At 1569 AD,
Ottoman Empire tried to expand his territories to Central Asia for againt
Russian s invasion to Kazan. Ottoman Commander, Sokollu Mehmed, tried to build channel for united Don and Volga , for
make Ottoman s control at Volga and Khwarizm, Central Asia. And, it is failed
because workers that appointed by Sokollu Mehmed incompetent and Ottoman ally,
Daulah Giray, Khan of Crimea, doesnt enthusiast because he feel it is tighten Ottoman controls to his
assets. But, Selim II can ask Khanate of Crimea used their cavalry for attack
Russia. Crimean Cavalry, attack Russia at many times and can defend their
territories.
Other
threatment for Ottoman Empire came from Latin Kingdom of Cyprus . Latin Kingdom
of Cyprus, attack Ottoman Ship from Ottoman Duke of Egypt and also disturb
route for Hajj ( Islamic pilgrim to Mecca). Selim II, send Lala Mustafa Pasha
and Piyale Pasha for conquer Cyprus. At 1570 AD, they can conquer Capital of
Cyprus, Leqfosha. At 1571 AD, all Cyprus territories submit to Ottoman Empire
after one Cypriots strongest castle, Magosa, conquered by Ottoman Empire.
Ottoman Empire, back right for Orthodox Greek Civilians at this island. And,
they also bring 70.000 Turkish settlers for stay at Cyprus. Cyprus annexation
by Ottoman Empire, was provocated European States make alliance for faced
Ottoman Empire . Papal State, Venice, and Kingdom of Spain make alliance for
faced Ottoman Empire s navy. At 7 October 1571 AD, European Navy alliance
gather at Lepanto/Inebahti for faced Ottoman s navy. European Navy lead by Don
Juan, son from King of Spain and Italy, Charles V. Ottoman Navy, lead by
Muezzinzade Ali Pasha. One Ottoman Sailor, Kilic Ali, who originated from
Italy, give idea should Ottoman Navy defend at Fortress of Lepanto. Muezzinzade
choose for attack European Navy. Battle broke. Muezzinzade die at this battle.
Right flight Ottoman Commander, Muhammad Pasha also die. Many Ottoman Ships
burned and Kilic Ali, take right flight commander. He destroy European Elite
Navy, Navy from Knight of ST.John and kill Knight of ST.John s commander. Kilic
can save Ottoman Navy from fire.
For
know about Kilic Ali s biography, you can access this article:
Kilic
Ali: Forgotten Ottoman Admiral From Italy.
Selim
II, hear Kilic s courage and he make Kilic as highest commander from Ottoman
Navy. Kilic Ali re build Ottoman Navy.
And, at 1572 AD, was founded new Ottoman Navy that more big from navy that
destroyed at Lepanto. According Mehmed Maksudoglu, Ottoman Historian, this navy
numbered 200 warships. Venice, fear
seeing tis navy and they confess Ottoman s occupationat Cyprus.
At
1572 AD, Selim II also build Suez Canal
for Ottoman Navy s way to defeat Portuguese Colonization at Indian Ocean and
protect Hajj s way from Portuguese Navy.
At 1573 AD, Selim II also annexed Tunisia that colonized by Kingdom of
Spain. At 1574 AD, Ottoman Navy under Kilic Ali can conquer Tunisia and drive
out Spanish Army. At 1574 also, Selim II die and replacd by his son, Murad III,
may Allah Subhanahuwataala bless him. For know biography of Murad III,
you can access this article:
Murad
III: When Ottoman Military Destroyed Because Corruption
Age
of Selim II show several retreatment signal, but according Maksudoglu, Ottoman
Navy that destroyed at Battle of Lepanto can rise and liberate Tunisia from
Spain s colonization.
Refrences:
Maksudoglu,
Prof.DR.Mehmet: The Untold History Of Ottoman: Menelusuri Daulah Islamiyah
Terbesar di Dunia dan Pemerintahannya, Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2023 M.
At-Turbani,
Jihad: 100 Tokoh Islam Yang Mengubah Sejarah, Penerbit Aqwam, 2016 M.
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